conditional sentences

Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences.

Conditional Sentence Type 1

→ It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example: If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.

more on Conditional Sentences Type I ►

Conditional Sentence Type 2

→ It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.

more on Conditional Sentences Type II ►

Conditional Sentence Type 3

→ It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.

Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle)

Example: If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

example in paragraph :

I plan to be in the Columbus area during the week of may 2. If it would be convenient for you, I would like to meet with you sometime during that week to discuss the position you have available . please let me know which day and time would suit you . you can reach me at the phone number or e-mail address listed on my enclosed resume. Thank you for your attention. I look forward to hearing from you

from :

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences
buku pendalaman materi bahasa inggris

Direct - Indirect

Reported Speech

(direct-indirect SP)

1)      Tenses : present = past

        Past. T    =           past perfect

2)      Pronoun

I	Me	My	Mine	My self
You	You	Your	Yours	Your self
He	Him	His	His	Him self
She	Her	Her	Hers	Her self
We	Us	Our	Ours	Our selves
They	Them	Their	Theirs	Them selves

3)      Adverb of time and place :

-          Now           =          then

-          Yesterday  =          the day before

-          Tomorrow =          the day before

-          Ago            =          before

-          Next week =          the following week

-          Here          =          there

-          This            =          those

1)      Statement :

Reporting verb : said

Conjungtion : (that)

-          DS : mother said , “I don’t make a cake”

IS : mother said (that)she didn’t make a cake

2)      Command/request

Reporting verb : told ordered

-          DS : “don’t forget to look all the doors” , the janitor said to the boys

IS : the janitor ordered to the boys not to forget to lock all the doors

3)      Question :

Reporting verb : asked, wanted to know

Model aux : tobe : is, am, are, we, was, were

Do : do, does, did

Have : have, has, be, been

Will : will, can should, may

Conjunction : if/weather

-          DS : the teacher asked me, “do you speak English?”

IS : the teacher asked me if I spoke engish

http://abudira.wordpress.com/2010/06/08/direct-dan-indirect-speech/

http://rizkiaamalia.blogspot.com/2011/06/direct-indirect.html

active dan passive voice

TO BE : be

am.is, are

was, were

has been, have been

MODALS : must, can, shall, should, etc

do, does, did

talking about Passive Voice. In Bahasa Indonesia there are :

1.Saya memanggil = I am calling = Active

2.Saya dipanggil = I am called = Passive

It is in the VERB

VERB + ing in no1 is Active

Verb III or Past Participleis Passive

1.       Subject in Active = becomes Object in Passive

2.       Object in Active = becomesS ubject in Passive

3Tenses ( Time) is like in Active

Active : I write a letter =Saya menulis sepucuk surat

Passive : A letter is written by me =Sepucuk surat ditulis oleh sya.

Active :Hehated me = Ia membenci saya

Passive : I washated byhim =Saya dibenci olehnya

Active to passive voice

• Simple Present

Rumus : Noun + is/am/are + verb III

-          Active :I write a letter

-          Passive : A letter is written byme

• Present Continuous

Rumus : Noun + is/am/are + being + verb III

-          Active :He is buying a car

-          Passive : A car is being bought byhim

• Simple past

Rumus : Noun + was/were + verb III

-          Active :The judge sentenced the convicted 5 years imprisonment

-          Passive :The convicted was sentenced 5 years imprisonment byt he judge

• Past Continuous

Rumus : Noun + was/were + being + verb III

-          Active :The officer was investigating the case

-          Passive :The case was being investigated byt he officer

• Simple Future

Rumus : Noun + shall/will + be + verb III

-          Active :The judges will issue a verdict against the accused.

-          Passive : A verdict against the accused will be issued by the judges

• Past Future

Rumus : Noun + should/would + be + verb III

-          Active :The investigator would hand int he file

-          Passive :T he file would be handed in by the investigator

• Simple Perfect

Rumus : Noun + has/have + been + verb III

-          Active :They have committed another crime

-          Passive : Another crime has been committed byt hem

• Past Perfect

Rumus : Noun + had + been + verb III

-          Active : We had found your watch

-          Passive : Your watch had been found byus

• Simple Future Perfect

Rumus : Noun + shall/will +have +been + verb III

-          Active :The witness shall have shown the evidence

-          Passive :The evidence will have been shown by thewit nes s

• Past Future Perfect

Rumus : Noun + should/would +have + been + verb III

-          Active :The major should have been invited the president

-          Passive :The president should have been invited byt he major

• Modals :

Rumus : Noun + must/shall/will/have to/has to + be +verb III

-          Active :Sugiarto must report his attendance to the police once a week

-          Passive : His attendance must be reported by to the police once a week

contoh dalam paragraf :

Democratic Party under attack: Deputy chair

The Democratic Party believes outsiders are playing a role in the recent friction in the party following the revelation of a bribery scandal allegedly involving party lawmaker M. Nazaruddin.

“It is very clear and convincing to us and Pak SBY that there are other parties using the Nazaruddin case as a strategy or loophole to destroy the Democratic Party.

“This is part of political rivalries ahead of the 2014 elections,” Democratic Party deputy chair Kastorius Sinaga said Sunday as quoted by kompas.com.

He refused, however, to name the parties.

“We have the data; both from our personnel in the field and from the results of our analysis of actual developments,” Kastorus said.

He said his party had mapped out the “attack patterns” as well as areas where the attacks were made.

The Democratic Party has been on the hot seat since Nazaruddin was revealed as having been allegedly involved in a bribery scandal surrounding the construction of an athletes dormitory in Palembang for the upcoming 2011 SEA Games.

The Democratic Party believes outsiders are playing a role in the recent friction in the party following the revelation of a bribery scandal allegedly involving party lawmaker M. Nazaruddin.